Persuasive Research Paper on effects of ADHD on Children Essay

Convincing Research Paper on impacts of ADHD on Children - Essay Example To begin with, the Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) is in fact an illness which is connected with neurobiology. There has been some exploration that recommends the manifestations of ADD as being planted kindness a compound irregularity inside the mind. Having said that, with ADD there is a misstep in the idiosyncrasy that the cerebrum runs the synapse creation just as the possible stockpiling at various occasions along these lines causing for unmistakable lopsided characteristics. [Television] There have been reports that the same number of as about 80 percent of ADD cases occur because of the consequence of hereditary qualities while the remaining are caused because of various poisons, injury just as ailments which are acquired to the entire condition during the pregnancy organizes just as conveyance of the infant. Likewise this could occur because of poor child rearing issues, household inconveniences, poor instructors or potentially schools just as watching a ton of TV. Subsequent ly it is critical to assess everyone of the understanding related with ADD as it is a genuine inability which fundamentally hampers the different parts of a person, in spite of the way that it doesn't impede with the debilitating Attention Deficit Disorder. The differentiation between the Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and that of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) hails from the way that they are two separate wordings to begin with. The equivalent could be so extremely confounding for pretty much anybody related with it in one manner or the other. To recommend a legitimate pathway, the approved clinical analysis is to be sure the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder which is spoken to by ADHD. To push further forward, ADHD is decreased into various arranged subtypes which basically involve the preoccupied kind, consolidated sort just as the hyperactive motivation type. There are various individuals who use ADD as a general name and sort for a wide range of ADHD. Anyway with the progression of time, ADD has

Service change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Administration change - Essay Example The adequacy of the medicine, the measurements of the prescription, and whether the patient gets the drug at all influence the manner in which a medicine is seen by the patient. The blunders that have been distinguished have been those identified with the incorrectness of the measurement level and guaranteeing the proper individuals get the right prescriptions. The impacts of these mistakes have been the cessation of a few meds, for example, on account of medicine that treats Atrial Filibration. Assumed control over they began accepting â€Å"adverse effects† from these drugs. With dose alteration the drug could have been gainful. The adherence to legitimate dissemination Dosage level impact genuine and saw pharmaceutical advantages. In the event that drug is misdiagnosed it influences how well the medicine treats the irregularity, and may affect how a patient feels genuinely from everyday. A Study that was as of late finished in Australia depicted how more seasoned Australian were getting energizer drugs that treats conditions that were unique in relation to the conditions that the patients were really encountering. This is a prime case of what causes the end of conceivably valuable prescription that has been given a bogus discernment due to being in the hands of patients it was never intended to treat. One of the best promoting apparatuses is verbal. This is an apparatus that can either produce a furor of referrals or a huge negative impression relying upon the consequences of the prescription. The reason for the dissemination blunders created by the medical attendants have been because of interruptions. The interruptions are from the medical clinic staff all in all and the specialists specifically. The specialists are diverting the medical attendants with questions relating to the condition of being of the patients

Peek Over Our Shoulders What Rioters are Reading on December 21, 2017

Peek Over Our Shoulders What Rioters are Reading on December 21, 2017 In this feature at Book Riot, we give you a glimpse of what we are reading this very moment. Here is what the Rioters are reading today (as in literally today). This is what’s on their bedside table (or the floor, work bag, desk, whatevskis). Gird your loinsâ€"this list will make your TBR list EXPLODE. We’ve shown you ours, now show us yours; let us know what you’re reading (right this very moment) in the comment section below! Liberty Hardy Cult X by Fuminori Nakamura,? Kalau Almony (Translator) (Soho Crime, May 22, 2018): Set around the time of the Tokyo subway gas attacks, this novel is about a man whose girlfriend goes missing, and the search for her that leads him to a cult with a charismatic leader. I’m a big fan of Nakamura’s bleak, gritty novels, and super excited to sink my teeth into this one, his biggest book so far. (Over 500 pages!) (egalley) Emma Nichols At the Mouth of the River of Bees by Kij Johnson: this had been on my list for a while (because that title is amazing it’s published by Small Beer Press) but I finally picked it up after a friend told me I’d love it and I hosted an author event with Kij. So farâ€"with stories of disappearing monkeys, foxes masquerading as women, and a literal river of beesâ€"it has not disappointed. Steph Auteri Juliet Takes a Breath by Gabby Rivera: I saw Rivera speak on a panel (about novelists-turned-comics-writers) at the Brooklyn Book Festival the other month, and she was so vibrant and fun that I knew I had to check out her work. Within the first paragraph of this book, I could see that the main protagonist was just as vibrant and fun, so I’m all in. (paperback) S.W. Sondheimer Persepolis Rising by James S.A. Corey:  Strap in, kids. There’s a thirty year time jump between book six and the most current Expanse novel. Some things have changed and some remain the same, but Persepolis Rising is, as has always been the case with this series, a phenomenal space opera, an honest look at the best and worst of humanity, and many other things besides. And lest you find yourself concerned, Avasarala’s love of the profane has not dimmed with age. (ebook) Alison Doherty Long Way Down by Jason Reynolds:  Wow. I love everything Jason Reynolds writes, but this is the most unique book I’ve seen from him yet. Told in verse, he combines beautiful language with the powerful story of fifteen-year-old Will, visited by ghosts from his past on an elevator ride in which his must decide if he will try to avenge the shooting of his older brother with more violence or let it go, breaking the rules Will has always known. Suspenseful. Emotional. Fast paced. I’m so glad I picked this one up and, frankly, am having a hard time putting it down. (hardcover) Claire Handscombe An Almost Perfect Christmas  by Nina Stibbe: I’m getting in the mood for the season, and hoping this won’t make me too homesick! (hardback) Elisa Shoenberger Collecting the World: Hans Sloane and the Origins of the British Museum  by James Delbourgo:  This is a new biography of the great and complicated Sir Hans Sloane. His name is found throughout London but many do not know about this man. While he was a respected doctor of his day, he did not formulate new scientific theories or classification systems. Instead he set up an effective network of correspondence throughout the world and collected everything. His collection would be the foundation of the British Museum, and later split off to the British Library and the Natural History Museum. It does talk about his involvement with the slave trade, an important and often neglected part of the story. It’s thorough, sometimes overly so but it’s an important work. I should add that I’m reading it for a presentation I’m doing later this month. (hardcover) Erin McCoy Wickedly Dangerous by Deborah Blake:  The covers and premise of Blakes Baba Yaga series have always intrigued me, but Ive never taken the time to dive into the books. Based loosely on the Russian fairy tales of the Baba Yaga, the first book in this series follows one of Babas, a professor, after she is called to a small town when three children go missing. So far this book is light on romance with the mystery and fantasy elements taking center stage, so Im hoping to see more of the local sheriff and Baba together the second half of this book. (audiobook) Laura Sackton A Conjuring of Light by V.E. Schwab: I’ve been putting this one off for a while because I don’t want the magic to end. I was not that into the first installment of Schwab’s Shades of Magic trilogy, but I’d heard so many good things about it that I picked up the second book anyway, and that’s when I fell in love. I’m only 100 pages into the final book, and so far it’s everything I loved about the second: non-stop action, fantastic characters, superb world-building. (hardcover) Elizabeth Allen All the President’s Men by Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward:  With the dumpster fire that is our current political climate and with the release of the new Slate podcast “Slow Burn,” I decided I really would like to learn more about Watergate. I know the basics…hotel break in, Nixon’s “not a crook,” he ends up being pardoned any-damned-way. But I hear references to it all the time and never really know their origins. Given the focus on the institution of journalism lately, I wanted to hear more about this from two young journalists who persisted through personal attacks from the White House (sound familiar?), the Press Secretary insisting the administration was above-board (sound familiar?), and a president who insisted that even if he was guilty, you can’t indict a sitting president on obstruction of justice (sound familiar?). Bernstein and Woodward pushed through every obstacle to get the true story of the Nixon administration and their book about this experience is a page-turner that reads more like fiction than a true account of one of the darkest times in our nation’s history. Danielle Bourgon My Life, My Love, My Legacy by Coretta Scott King:  I find it fascinating how little I knew about this woman before I started listening to this audiobook. It’s such a fantastic listen so far. Fair warning, the sections dealing with the death and funeral preparations for Martin Luther King Jr. had me weeping on a train. So be prepared for ALL of the feelings. Also, kudos to whoever made the decision to have the narrator change after that pivotal life moment. The change in narrator helps keep momentum going for what is a very long audiobook, but it also highlights how her life as a widow was inherently different than her life before Martin was shot.  (audiobook) Carina Pereira Exit West by Mohsin Hamid:  There were so many recommendations regarding this book that I had to read it next, and I am loving it. The writing is very soothing, even if the story itself is rather upsetting, especially because it makes us face something very real that is happening right now: the refugee situation. I’m a bit over halfway through and I can’t fathom where the story is going, but I hope that there is a good, happy ending, to it. Mya Nunnally Who Fears Death by Nnedi Okorafor:  I’m a huge fan of African sci/fi fantasy so this has been on my to-read list forever. Not even fifty pages in and a scene disturbed me so much I had to take a walk. Beautiful, terrifying, violent read. Not for the faint of heart.  (library paperback) Jessica Yang Tam Lin by Pamela Dean: Its winter, which means Im deep into my read books and drink hot chocolate zone. My current book is an old favorite, Tam Lin. Slice of life college shenanigans with a touch of fantasy and fairy tale? Yes, please. (paperback) Brandi Bailey Willow Weep for Me: A Black Womans Journey Through Depression by Meri Nana-Ama Danquah: I stumbled across this one doing research for an upcoming article and everything about it called to my soul. It didn’t quite fit the parameters of my research, but you better believe I took it home with me ASAP. (library paperback) Christina Vortia Outliers: The Story of Success by Malcolm Gladwell: I’ve had this on my TBR list for years, and when I saw it available on my library Overdrive app, I jumped on the opportunity, and I’ve not been disappointed. Hannah Engler Priestdaddy by Patricia Lockwood: I’m so unbelievably late to the party on this book, which I’ve wanted to read since I went to a reading at Bluestockings where one of the performers there raved about it. I’ve just started (neglecting my two other current reads, Tolstoy’s War and Peace and Marlena by Julie Buntin, in the process) and it really is that good. Katie McLain Soul Cage by Tetsuya Honda: Grad school finals have been keeping me from any non-audiobook reading this week, but I’m finally ready to pick up this book, which Rincey and I talked about on an early episode of Read or Dead. Unidentified severed hands ftw! I’m really excited to start this one! (library hardcover) Derek Attig How We Get Free: Black Feminism and the Combahee River Collective edited by Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor: The Combahee River Collective Statement is one of the most important documents of the twentieth century and should, by rights, be one of the most influential of the twenty-first. So I was delighted to see this reassessment and reflection on its power, from both CRC founders and contemporary voices. (paperback) Emma Allmann One Hundred Years of Solitude by Gabriel García Márquez: This is one of those books that I’ve talked about reading for years. I’m visiting my parents and it was sitting there on the bookshelf and I figured there is no time like the present! So far it has been well worth the wait! (paperback) Amanda Kay Oaks It’s Okay to Laugh (Crying is Cool Too) by Nora McInerny Purmort: This book has been on my to-read list, waiting for me to feel emotionally ready. And now, I’m ready! This memoir instantly had me both laughing and crying with its raw, funny take on living with grief. (hardcover) Kate Scott Just Mercy by Bryan Stevenson: I’ve read so many positive reviews of this book over the last couple years since it was first published. I’ve had a review copy sitting around collecting dust for a while and I’m just now finally getting around to reading it. (paperback) Cecilia Lyra Three Daughters of Eve by Elif Shafak: This was recommended to me by a friend from book club. I think its winner because Ive had to cancel my Friday night plansâ€"I cant put it down! (ebook) Emily Polson Peter Pan by J.M. Barrie: This is one of my all-time favorite books. I read it several times growing up and even did a major research project on it in college. Whenever I need something familiar and magical and bittersweet, I revisit Neverland alongside Peter, Tink, and the Darlings. At this point I’ve got so many annotations in my copy that it also feels like I’m reading alongside several of my past selves. (paperback) Margaret Kingsbury Grounded: The Adventures of Rapunzel by Megan Morrison: After having my first baby a couple weeks ago, I was texting with fellow Rioter Jen Sherman about needing fast paced, easy reads. Knowing my love for fairy tales, she recommended Grounded, a fun middle grade novel featuring a team-up between Rapunzel and Jack the Giant Killer. It’s a perfect read on my kindle during feedings! (ebook) Ilana Masad The Book of Dust: La Belle Sauvage by Philip Pullman: I loved, loved, loved the  His Dark Materials series by Philip Pullman, and even though I haven’t read it in years, I have fond memories of it and of him. This is the first book in ages that I’m also reading purely for pleasure, so it’s been a lovely ride so far. The book has enough nostalgic stuff in it that I recognize from the previous series (the beloved daemons, of course) but it’s also entirely its own thing and doesn’t require any prior knowledge or memory. I’m in love. (hardcover) Rachel Brittain The Beauty That Remains by Ashley Woodfolk (Delacorte Press, March 6th, 2018): Intertwined stories about three teenagers trying to move forward after losing someone they love. Beautiful and heartbreaking. I’m getting close to the end, and it’s so hard to put down! (egalley) Rebecca Hussey The Birchbark House by Louise Erdrich: I picked this up because I’d heard it’s a good companion to the Little House on the Prairie series. This is basically Little House in the Big Woods from a Native American perspective. I’m loving it. (paperback) Tasha Brandstatter The Lure of the Moonflower (Pink Carnation #12) by Lauren Willig: Writing up my must-read mystery romance post reminded me I hadn’t gotten to the last book in this series yet. (audiobook) Sarah Ullery River of Teeth by Sarah Gailey: I found this book on NPR’s Book Concierge, and I thought: a western with hippos, yes please! And I love it, which is truly a miracle, because I’ve abandoned four books this month, and was wallowing in a terrible pre-holiday book slump. But this is a definite book slump buster! The characters are great, the story is fast-paced and gripping, and it has hippos! Also, an added bonus: the female characters kick some major ass. Deepali Agarwal The Elephant in the Room: Women Draw Their World by multiple authors (December 25, 2017, Zubaan Books and Spring Collective): Each page of this book is a different piece of art worthy of framing and putting up on the walls. A collection of feminist art and graphic essays from sixteen women from India and Germany, I am already in love with this one. James Wallace Harris Arcadia by Iain Pears: This 2015 novel has a plot like a Rubik’s Cube, combining fantasy, science fiction, religion, myth, and philosophy. The story begins inside what appears to be the beginning of a fantasy novel, and then switches to 1960 England, at a pub, where a group of writers (like the Inklings) are discussing this very novel. Henry Lytten wants to write a perfect fantasy that is completely realistic. The others ask when do the dragons and the fairy people show up. Lytten says his story will not have dragons and magic. Arcadia is a novel about storytelling and its philosophical implications. I’m surprised it is not more famous, because I feel its equal to The Golden Compass in cleverness. Jamie Canaves From Twinkle, With Love by Sandhya Menon (June 5, 2018, Simon Pulse): Being that I spent the end of 2016 and aaaaallll of 2017 shouting my love for When Dimple Met Rishi, it was a given that I would squeal so loud that I’d give myself a headache when the opportunity to get a galley of Twinkle arrived. I’m halfway through and it is as lovely, and wonderful, and magical as Dimple and my only complaint is that I don’t want this reading experience to end. (egalley) Priya Sridhar Heir to the Sky by Amanda Sun: A princess of a floating sky island finds out that her fiancé, whom she likes but doesn’t love, is involved in a conspiracy. He proceeds to toss her off, hoping the fall will kill her. So far the conspiracy is slowly growing. (paperback) Adiba Jaigirdar Not Your Sidekick by C.B. Lee: I’m participating in a twitter readathon where we basically read all the books where women are romantically interested in women. Not Your Sidekick is the 5th book I’m reading for it and so far it’s brilliant and queer…with superheroes! (ebook) Teresa Preston I, Tituba, Black Witch of Salem by Maryse Condé:  I love historical fiction that looks at familiar stories from new angles. This book about Tituba, an enslaved woman accused of witchcraft during the Salem Witch Trials, has been on my list for years. I’m really enjoying her voice so far. (library hardcover) Jessica pryde The Perfect Present  by Rochelle Alers, Cheris Hodges, and Pamela Yaye: I dont read a lot of holiday romance, but I keep coming across this one so I figured I might as well pick it up. (library paperback) *** What are you reading today?

How Does Foucault s Freud s Repression Hypothesis

How does Foucault rebut Freud’s repression hypothesis? In the history of philosophy, many philosophers discuss the repression, however Freud’s and Foucault’s repression hypothesis are widely remains under the debate. Repression has psychological connection and it an attempt of a person in which he repels his desires towards pleasurable instincts by excluding the one’s conscious desire and holds it in the unconscious. As if the writer said, â€Å"Psychologically it is fully justified in beginning by censuring any manifestations of the sexual life of children, for there would be no prospect of curbing the sexual desires of adults if the ground had not been prepared for it in childhood† (Freud, 1929, p. 21). It is believed that repression caused various mental sicknesses and it influences the psyche of an individual (Yeng, 2010). Sexual repression can be defined as a state in which an individual is prohibited to express sexual desires. It is often linked to the feelings of shame, guilt or being connected with the sexual impulses. The sexual repression constitutes are subjectively vary in different culture and different moral systems. Especially most of the religions accused of fostering sexual repression. In the debate about the sexual repression various term are used such as homosexuality. In some cultures it is consider as violent practices and it is also associated as an irrespective or killing act to regulate sexual behaviour. The debate about the repression has always beenShow MoreRelated Language, Power and Discourse of Sexuality: The case of Governor McGreevey1507 Words   |  7 PagesLanguage, Power and Discourse of Sexuality Foucault asks What are the links between these discourses, these effects of power, and the pleasures that were invested by them? (Foucault, 11). In the case of New Jersey governor it seems clear that power, language and pleasure were very much related in his speech on August 13, 2004, in which he announced his resignation, that he had had an affair with a man, and that he was a gay American. A man in a position of power was both given power andRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesmanaging, organizing and reflecting on both formal and informal structures, and in this respect you will find this book timely, interesting and valuable. Peter Holdt Christensen, Associate Professor, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark McAuley et al.’s book is thought-provoking, witty and highly relevant for understanding contemporary organizational dilemmas. The book engages in an imaginative way with a wealth of organizational concepts and theories as well as provides insight ful examples from the

Welfare For Children of Illegal Immigrants Essay - 4110 Words

Welfare For Children of Illegal Immigrants The United States is in the midst of a major debate over immigrants and their place in our economic and political life. As during other times in our history, immigrants, are being blamed for causing or contributing to the social, economic and political ills of our society. Politicians from both major parties, at both the national and state levels, are promoting a range of punitive legislative proposals that single out immigrants for adverse treatment by the government. Many violate basic civil liberties principles. Based on The Bill of Rights, foreigners do not have the right to enter the United States, but once here, immigrants are entitled to certain broad constitutional†¦show more content†¦On the contrary, this boy with the complete understanding of what welfare means will take a completely different approach. Typically, liberals would dismiss this finding, arguing that families who receive a lot of welfare payments have lower total incomes than other families in society, and that it is low overall family income, not welfare, which has a negative effect on the young boys. But the Borcoran and Gordon study compares families whose average non-welfare incomes were identical. In such cases, each extra dollar in welfare represents a net increase in overall financial resources available to the family. This extra income, according to conventional liberal welfare theory should have positive effects on the well-being of the children. But the study shows that the extra welfare income, even though it produced a net increase in resources available to the family, the lower the earnings obtained by the boys upon reaching adulthood. Other studies have confirmed the negative effects of welfare on the development of children. For example, young women who are raised in families dependent on welfare are two to three times more likely to drop out and fail to graduate from high school than are young women of similar race and socioeconomic background not raised on welfare. Similarly, single mothers who were raised as children in familiesShow MoreRelatedIllegal Immigration Is The Land Of Freedom And Opportunity1208 Words   |  5 Pagesfreedom and opportunity. There has been an increasing number of illegal immigrants entering the country over the years. â€Å"It is estimated that more than 12 million undocumented immigrants currently reside within the United States, with this number projected to increase into the foreseeable future (Muschek 2015). The majority of illegal immigrants are Mexicans, â€Å"75% of all illegal immigrants come from Mexico† (Krogstad 2016). Illegal immigration can be defined as someone staying in a country withoutRead MoreIllegal Immigration and the Welfare State1725 Words   |  7 PagesComposition and Rhetoric 23 April 2010 Illegal Immigration and the Welfare State â€Å"We must end welfare state subsidies for illegal immigrants. Some illegal immigrants—certainly not all—receive housing subsidies, food stamps, free medical care, and other forms of welfare.† In this statement by Ron Paul, a Texas congressman, it is obvious that this subject needs a serious look into modifying our current guidelines. He also states, â€Å"Illegal immigrants place a tremendous strain on social entitlementRead MoreEssay on Law Breakers: The Cost of Illegal Immigrants1461 Words   |  6 Pagesthe strong work ethic and perseverance of immigrants it has become the country we see today. But in this vast amount of time between the immigrants of 21st century and those of the past what has changed the effects people see immigrants as having. The Native Americans in the 1800s saw people immigrating to their lands as unnecessary pest and not people who would one day help the country grow and thrive. Just as today many Americans view illegal immigrants, people who come into a country illegallyRead MoreIllegal Immigrants Should Be Illegal1456 Words   |  6 Pagesmillion illegal immigrants live in America† (Watkins). According to the recent study, â€Å"The Percentage of immigrants living in the U.S.A. is almost fourteen percent†(Wooldridge). This problem is an issue to the U.S. and will be an issue to all of the nations including europe, asia, etcetera. if it is not fixed. Reason is that the immigrants get more government help or welfare some may call it, than the registered citizens of America. Studies show that 51 percent of homes led by immigrants are gettingRead MoreEssay on Cause and Effect of Illegal Immigration 1344 Words   |  6 PagesIllegal immigration still remains as one of the major problems on the U.S-Mexico border in our country. The effect of having illegal immigrants in our country puts the U.S in a dire situation. Many people are even starting to question the authority of the U.S. Cust oms and U.S. Border Patrol agents. Even though Homeland Security is always consistently hiring for U.S customs and border patrol agents to watch over the southern border to make sure no illegal immigrants sneak into the U.S. Many peopleRead MoreArgument Against Birthright Citizenship : Chain Migration1485 Words   |  6 PagesMigration One major point policymakers argue against birthright citizenship is the fact that it incentivizes illegal immigration and can lead to a never ending series of chain migration. Chain migration occurs when the child can sponsor their parents and apply for their legal citizenship in the United States. Once the child turns 18, they can sponsor a foreign spouse and unmarried children of his own. When they turn 21, they can sponsor their parents and any siblings. From there, the sponsored spouse/siblings/parentsRead MoreEssay on The Negative Effects of Mass Immigration1545 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of Mass Immigration For decades immigrants to America were sure of two things. They came for the opportunity to build a better life for their families and they would not seek nor would they accept a handout. The drive and attitude of immigrants who came to America during the nineteen twenties through the nineteen sixties built strong work ethics that created our now famous American melting pot. But for the past thirty years a runaway welfare state has poisoned our good intentions. WellRead MoreThe Impact Of Immigration On The United States1415 Words   |  6 Pagesorigin of US immigrants also changed sharply over the past fifty years. Before 1960, the vast majority came from European countries or Canada. Even as late as the 1950s, more than two-thirds of all arrivals were from these countries. During 1960s, however, when family reunification criteria rather than national origin quotas became the basis for allocating entry visas, the composition changed rapidly. According to US Immigration and Natur alization Service in 2014, only 12% of legal immigrants had originatedRead MoreThe Effect of Illegal Immigration on the US Economy Essay895 Words   |  4 PagesThe United States of America, being a country founded by immigrants, is known all over the world as the land of great opportunities. People from all walks of life travelled across the globe, taking a chance to find a better life for them and their family. Over the years, the population of immigrants has grown immensely, resulting in the currently controversial issue of illegal immigration. Illegal immigrants are the people who have overstayed the time granted on their US, visa or those who have brokenRead MoreBaby Dangers : U.s. Taxpayers Fund Billions855 Words   |  4 Pages hoping he will eat you last  ­but eat you he will.†Ã¢â‚¬â€Ronald Reagan. Illegal immigration continues to disrespect this nation’s immigration laws completely, illegal aliens are criminals, nonetheless. There must soon be a solution t o this problem because the U.S. born babies of these aliens are weighing down taxpayers with overbearing free benefits. Taxpayers toil to pay the billion dollar taxes of anchor baby benefits while illegal aliens generally do not pay any form of tax—making taxpayers alone compensate

Free How to Build a Healthy Diet Free Essays

WHAT IS A HEALTHY DIET Eating healthy is not easy. Although there is a vast amount of information available on the subject, it is difficult to understand what a healthy diet actually consists of. It is often suggested that a healthy diet consists of foods low in saturated fat, high in fibre, and rich in vitamins, nutrients, and minerals. We will write a custom essay sample on Free How to Build a Healthy Diet or any similar topic only for you Order Now Studies have proven that maintaining a healthy diet not only reduces risks to one’s health, it can also prolong one’s life. So with all the organic, gluten-free, vegan, vegetarian, etc., information available, the question remains†¦. what is a healthy diet? According to the British Heart Foundation, a healthy diet is a balanced diet (www.bhf.org.uk). The Foundation explains that food exists in five different groups: fruits, vegetables, starches, protein, and high fat and sugar foods. The Foundation then suggests that a healthy diet consists of the right mixture of these food groups as can be seen in the diagram below. Adapted from http://www.diabetesdiabeticdiet.com/food_pyramid.htm This diagram is referred to as the food pyramid and was developed by the US Department of Agriculture. The pyramid was developed as a guide for healthy eating in that it not only describes the different food groups, but also explains how much a person should have of each in a day. How much one should eat during any given day is referred to as a serving. As stated above by the British Heart Foundation, the right proportion of the different food groups is what constitutes a healthy diet. Given this information, a healthy diet consists of the following: 1/3 of fruits and vegetables, 1/3 of starches, 1/3 of proteins, and a small amount of high fat and sugar foods (Landau, 2003). Further to this information, the food pyramid gives a guide of how many servings of each food group should be consumed in a given day. Whilst this information is useful, it can still be difficult to know what a healthy diet is due to the fact that one may not know exactly what a serving size is. To this end, the following information has been given in regards to serving size: The bottom of the pyramid is the starch group and is made up of complex carbohydrates such as bread, pasta, and grains. These foods are a good source of energy. A typical serving of this food group is described as one slice of bread, ? cup of rice, cooked cereal or pasta, or 1 tortilla. It is important to note that the developers of the food pyramid suggest that items within this group should be made with whole grain rather than flour. The next level of the pyramid is that of fruits and vegetables. A serving of these food groups can consist of one cup of raw leafy vegetables, ? cup of other vegetables (raw or cooked), ? cup of vegetable juice, one medium apple, orange or banana, ? cup of chopped, cooked or canned fruit, or a ? cup of fruit juice. This is the information given for one serving of fruits and vegetables and it is suggested that an individual consume 2-5 servings of each a day. These foods are rich in vitamins and essential nutrients. Above the fruit and vegetable level of the pyramid are the protein and dairy groups. A serving of this group can consist of one egg, two tablespoons of peanut butter, ? cup cooked dry beans, or 1/3 cup of nuts. It is also suggested that dairy products should be low-fat or non-fat options. These foods provide protein, iron, zinc, and calcium. The top of the pyramid contains those foods that are high in fat and sugar. It is suggested that these food be consumed sparingly. Whilst individuals might enjoy these foods, they provide little nutritional value and can be described as empty calories (www.diabetesdiabeticdiet.com). This information leads into the next topic of a healthy diet, calories. Whilst people have been counting calories for years, and substantial information exists regarding the correct amount of calories one should consume, how does caloric intake relate to a healthy diet As each individual is different, so can be the caloric intake guide from person to person. The amount of calories someone is to consume is dependent on such things as age, gender, body type, and activity level, just to name a few. However, as a general guide it is suggested that a healthy calorie intake for women is 2,000 calories per day, 2,800 for men, and 1,600 for children and older adults (www.mayoclinic.com). To summarise, a healthy diet is one that consists of foods low in fat, high in fibre, and rich in vitamins, nutrients, and minerals. The food pyramid developed by the US Department of Agriculture serves as a guide to a healthy diet. This diagram provides information regarding each of the five food groups and what types of foods are contained in each of these groups. The pyramid also provides a guide for the recommended daily intake of each of these groups. The British Heart Foundation goes further to describe a healthy diet as a balance between daily caloric intake and the right serving of different food groups. Whilst caloric intake differs for individuals, the serving size for the various food groups remains the same no matter the adult: 6-11 of starches, 2-5 of both fruits and vegetables, 2-3 of proteins and dairies, and a very small amount of foods high in fat and sugar. This information answers the question: what is a healthy diet? MAINTAINING A HEALTHY DIET Given the information above, one might assume that eating a healthy diet is somewhat straightforward and easy. This may in fact be the case when first embarking on a quest to eat healthy. As with anything new, beginning a healthy diet can be fun and exciting, even easy. However, with the passage of time it can become difficult to maintain healthy eating habits. This difficulty can be further enhanced with the fact that it costs less to buy a burger and fries than it does to prepare a healthy meal. So what is the key to maintaining a healthy diet How can individuals continue to make healthy choices for themselves whilst keeping interest in the subject of healthy eating? The British Food Standards Agency gives the following eight tips for maintaining a healthy diet: Base your meals on starchy foods (wholegrain varieties), Eat lots of fruits and vegetables, Eat more fish, Cut down on saturated fat and sugar, Eat less salt Get advice and try to be a healthy weight Drink plenty of water, and Don’t skip breakfast (www.eatwell.gov.uk). It is often the case that individuals believe that eating healthy means that certain foods cannot be eaten. Whilst limiting the intake of certain foods is suggested, it is also suggested that eating the right balance of foods is more important. Moderation is another key to maintaining a healthy diet. Foods high in fat and sugar do not have to be eliminated from one’s diet, they just need to be consumed in moderation and in the right portions. Another misconception is that maintaining a healthy diet can be more expensive. The Food Standards Agency indicates that whilst some healthy ingredients can be a bit more expense, not all healthy food options are. In fact, some of these items can even save an individual money. Starchy foods such as pastas, rice, and breads are often cheaper than many other products. Seasonal fruits and vegetables can also be a lot cheaper than sweets. So whilst maintaining a healthy diet can be good for your overall healthy, it can also be good for your pocket book. Helpguide.org also suggests some keys to maintaining a healthy diet. This website suggests that individuals plan meals ahead of time. This can be done a weekly, or even monthly basis. Having healthy options ready and available can help in the planning process. Instead of cooking a healthy meal each night, it is suggested to cook when you can. Perhaps there is more time available at the weekend, so prepare several different meals at this time and freeze them for later in the week. CONCLUSION Eating and maintaining a healthy diet can be difficult. The health benefits of doing so are evident, but what is a healthy diet and how can one maintain healthy eating habits The food pyramid serves as a good guide for what a healthy diet consists of: foods low in fat, high in fibre, and rich in vitamins, nutrients, and minerals. A healthy diet also consists of the right portions of the right foods and a healthy caloric intake. Whilst eating a healthy diet is one thing, maintaining healthy eating habits is another. Continuing to eat healthy can be achieved through taking the right steps such as: having healthy food options available and ready to eat, planning meals ahead of time, and maintaining a good balance of foods in the right portions. REFERENCES (2010) British Heart Foundation [online] Available at: http://www.bhf.org.uk/Keeping_your_heart_healthy/healthy_eating/what_is_a_healthy_diet.aspx [Accessed 03 November 2010] (2010) Food Guide Pyramid [online] Available at: http://www.diabetesdiabeticdiet.com/food_pyramid.htm [Accessed 03 November 2010] (2010) Food Standards Agency [online] Available at: http://www.eatwell.gov.uk/healthydiet/eighttipssection/8tips/ [Accessed 03 November 2010] (2010) Helpguide.org [online] Available at: http://www.helpguide.org/life/healthy_eating_diet.htm [Accessed 03 November 2010] (2010) Mayo Clinic [online] Available at: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/diabetes-diet/DA00077 [Accessed 03 November 2010] Landau, E. (2003) A Healthy Diet. Franklin Watts: New York. Seit, C. (1995) Exchange Lists for Meal Planning. American Diabetes Association. How to cite Free How to Build a Healthy Diet, Essay examples

Role of Future Insurance Industry in Pakistan Essay Example

Role of Future Insurance Industry in Pakistan Essay The insurance business in Pakistan and I would prefer to do describe it as a business rather than an industry is an interesting application of this paradox. Over the years, the fatalism enjoined by Islam has been underwritten by a more pragmatic mechanism, which has offered various degrees of financial protection on the assumption that whereas it may be advisable to submit unquestionably to the will of God, one should not necessarily be out of pocket as a result. Fatalism tempered by pragmatism, therefore, can be regarded as recurring attributes of the insurance business in Pakistan, even from the very first green days of our Independence. When Pakistan was established in 1947, there were 77 insurance companies in all. Today there are 52. In 1947, 70 of those 77 companies were foreign companies and/or their branches. Today there are 10. The seven local companies have 47 years later become 42, and might have been more had 32 of them not been nationalised on March 18, 1972, when their life insurance business was brought into the public sector, and consolidated under the aegis of the State Life Insurance Corporation of Pakistan. Today, Pakistan has 52 companies conducting general business. They offer primarily Fire, Marine, Motor and Accident cover. The composition of general insurance business is Understandable, considering the lack of sophistication of our domestic environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Role of Future Insurance Industry in Pakistan specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Role of Future Insurance Industry in Pakistan specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Role of Future Insurance Industry in Pakistan specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In 1993, Fire (including-Profits) accounted for 32. 2 per cent of the Gross Direct Premiums, Motor for 33. 1 per cent, Marine (including Hull) Premiums for 23 per cent and Accident (including Engineering) for 11. 7 per cent. The concentration of business amongst the insurers themselves presents a curiously disjointed picture. The 10 foreign companies have only a 10. 5 per cent share of the Gross Direct Premiums, and of the 41 Pakistani companies operating in the market, 35 of them share 18 per cent of the business, while only 6 companies command and control 71. per cent of the general business. What these companies share in common, though, is an obligation (an onerous one according to some) to reinsure a mandatory 20 per cant (it used to be 30%) of their insurance business with Pakistan Insurance Corporation (PIC), which was established in 1952 to provide reinsurance facilities within Pakistan and overseas, and to develop the insurance by offering technical and expert advice. PIC has grown substantially since 953, with its Gross Premium Income in the last five years being above the 1 billion mark. Its overall profitability has wavered, falling from an all time high of Rs. 119 million in 1991 to below Rs. 50 million in 1991. Apart from this obligation to reinsure with PIC, the general insurance companies are left largely to themselves and expected to be self-regulatory. Their Fire, Motor, Workmens Compensation and Marine classes of business are governed by a Tariff which is determined by themselves through their Insurance Association. Their maximum statutorily approved agency commission rates of 15 per cent for Marine business and 20 per cent for Non-Marine business have become more gentlemanly statements of intent than rigorously enforced standards. In their business, insurance companies are monitored by the Controller of Insurance, an administrative arm not of the Ministry of Industries but of the Ministry of Commerce. They are regulated by Insurance Rules of 1958, approved in the same year as the distant Martial Law coup of Ayub Khan. And they are governed by a law the Insurance Act of 1938, promulgated a year before the outbreak of the Second World War. To fatalism and pragmatism, one should perhaps therefore add the world Archaism, for no sector of Pakistans financial services market stands so deeply mired in its past, nor has as much need for deregulation and modernisation, if it is to prepare itself for the future. than the insurance business sector in Pakistan. There is no equivalent to the Companies Ordinance 1984 in the insurance sector. There is no appropriate counterpart to the Corporate Law Authority, to give an impetus to its development or to safeguard the interest of the public. The recent spectacular growth in the financial services sector, in my opinion, was no accident. It was the direct fertile result of an environment made receptive by regulated incentives and governmental initiative. Can the insurance business of Pakistan achieve the same sort of success? I cannot see why not. What than should be the direction of the insurance sector? What should be its role? An attempt was made seven years ago to answer these questions when, in 1987, a Government Commission was constituted to diagnose the malaise in the insurance sector. The report, submitted to the Government three years later, identified some of its more reprehensible practices for example, the methods used by insurance companies to obtain business particularly through banks, irregularities in settlement of claims, the indisciplined and unethical ractices of insurance surveyors, methods of rebating, commissions to agents, and discounts Whatever good that three volume report contained was interred with its bones; the evils it hoped to exercise continued to live long after it. More recently, last year in August 1993, another review took place when, in an Overview of the Insurance Industry by one of the leading brokerage houses, Khadim Ali Shah Bukhari Limited, the major problems were identified as: * Excessive Government controls * Compulsory reinsurance with PI C * High capital gains tax on investment gains Higher rate of tax on dividend income than 10% * Inaccessibility to public sector business, which is the domain of the National Insurance Corporation * Poor quality of manpower and limited training facilities It would be hard to question the justification for these complaints. It would be even harder to justify why the insurance companies have done so little to assuage them. If the future role of the insurance business sector is to grow and match the expanding requirements of Pakistans economy, there are key areas in which the insurance companies must themselves take the initiative. The first must be education. No one should be allowed to forget that insurance being a customer service oriented business, its success depends heavily on the quality and calibre of its personnel. In the United Kingdom, it was once considered enough for a new entrant into the business to have five GCEO levels and then spend his life within the same organisation learning the job on the job. Today, anyone wanting to make a career in Insurance should expect to be ready to tackle very focused courses, like those conducted by the College of Insurance in London. Apart from such foundation topics as Personnel Development Skills, Surveying and Risk Management, Reinsurance, Aviation and Marine, the students at the College are also offered such specialised subjects as European Law, the Use of Annual reports and Accounts for Errors and Omission Avoidance, Insolvency Rules and Regulations, and Financial Reinsurance and Derivatives. Insurance may have been a business by men; it is rapidly becoming one managed by women. An interesting aftermath of the second income phenomenon has been that in the United Kingdom, out of a total employment in the insurance usiness of almost 400,000 employed, 49. 3 per cent have been women. Another significant feature has been that 8 per cent are the total strength is self-employed. This emphasis on education, though needs to go beyond the potential or existing employees in insurance companies. Another audience whose knowledge of the insurance business should never be presumed but whose ignorance can have damaging cons equences is that of the lawmakers themselves. It took Great Britain over a century to recognise the significance of this advantage. Only as recently as 1991 was an All Party Parliamentary Group on Insurance and Financial Services formed to act as a bridge between the lawmaking MPs and a law-abiding industry. Without a better understanding of the business of insurance, should one honestly expect legislators to be able or equipped to promulgate sound and appropriate laws? And what about the laws themselves? Can there be legislation of any adequacy without an accepted definition of such simple but crucial words in a policy as theft, or flood, accidental bodily injury or reasonable steps to safeguard any property insured? Are we ourselves clear on what we all understand by Warranties, Responsibilities for Disclosure, Misrepresentations, and the Brokers responsibilities to his or her clients? Such legislative clarity is difficult to achieve but necessary to attain, for without such a suitable legal framework, and a regulatory environment which is both sensitive to and responsive to changes, the future growth of the insurance business in Pakistan will continue as before a blind perpetuation of arcane laws and the mindless repetition of previous practices. Can Pakistan afford such an addition to history? Can our insurance Industry avoid the responsibility for developing new products more attuned to the specific needs of our economy? The future of the insurance sector must connect with the permanent features of our economy. If we are still fundamentally an agrarian society, we have to expand crop, livestock and other such agrarian insurance schemes. The 1988 National Commission on Agriculture, incidentally, makes no mention of insurance anywhere in its 644 page report. If we are gradually expanding into an urban economy, we have to consider widening schemes which provide household and personal effects insurance. If we want to build our own motor cars to speed on our own multi-lane highways, we have to fashion policies which provide cover not simply for the vehicles, its passengers, third party liability, but also anticipate the responsibilities incumbent on highway authorities regarding the condition of the roads. If we want to maximise the safer and more efficient use of our railway system, we must encourage the Pakistan Railways to obtain cover for risks which are germane to their operations. Similarly, insurance cover of transport by road should not be left to the goodwill of the transporters, many of whom regard self-insurance, like rash driving, as the best form of protection. If we are veering towards industrialisation, products coverage should have to go beyond fire insurance of the factory and stocks Loss of profits insurance, safety standards, more open disclosure of actual replacement values, a fairer participation of the premium/risk are some of the more brittle realities businessmen will have to learn to accommodate. And if we are to have a population which is refusing to stop at 120 million, and is taking longer to grow older, clinical risk management will become continuing rather than occasional features of our economic society. Health insurance will become more than simply reimbursing medical bills. It could and must in time cover risks in obstetrics and gynaecology, health care management, managing financial risks like contract clauses and indemnities, drugs cases and claims associated with environmental hazards. And if we are a nation that attaches a value to the life and well-being of our citizens, a nation which advocates the work ethic, and a nation which encourages life insurance as a means of channelling savings into productive investment, the future role of the insurance sector both of Life and General will be a translation of these responsibilities and opportunities into productive action. The largest mobiliser of funds in the insurance market has been unquestionably the State Life Insurance Corporation of Pakistan. Since 1972, following the traumatic nationalisation of life business, SLIC has grown tremendously. Its premium income has increased from Rs. 316 million in 1973 the first year of its consolidation to Rs. 5 billion in 1994, equalling the total Gross Direct Premium of all the 52 companies in the general sector. SLICs investment portfolio grew from Rs. 1. 4 billion to Rs. 21 billion, and not surprisingly SLICs investment income has now become almost one-third of its total income. Its yield on Life Funds is about 14. 4 per cent which may explain why the new companies which have been granted permission to do life business are displaying an understandable hesitancy. Nothing is secret in the public sector, and certainly the use of SLICs funds over the years to finance Government has been no secret. SLICs portfolio consists primarily of Government securities. That in itself is not a problem. What one needs to identify is the impact on the Governments reliance upon SLIC as a resource, should SLIC be privatised to the point where its policies could be brought more in line with market imperatives and competitive investment options. It is already six years since the Insurance Reforms Commission was established. During this period, because of Deregulation and Privatisation, the whole financial services market has undergone an irreversible change. Further privatisation will bring about additional responsibilities, which means more costs, as insurance of commercial risks becomes no longer a matter of choice but an inescapable requirement. Businessmen of tomorrow will have to accept that insurance policies are not a chance talisman against calamities. Used prudently, they can be a resilient and reliable safety net, providing them and the economy with a level of confidence to take risks which are quantifiable and knowingly and prudently underwritten. In another six years Pakistan will be in the 21st century. No one would expect that all of the aspects of the insurance business whether legislative, regulatory or commercial will be in place by then. A reasonable expectation would be that significant steps would be taken to move in those directions. Talleyrand once said that war is much too serious a business to be left to military men. Similarly, perhaps, the future role of Insurance in Pakistan is too serious to be left only to insurance men. Its future lies in the hands of better informed legislators, more responsible insurance professionals, and perhaps most importantly of all, more discerning and demanding customers themselves. Collectively they can, and I am sure, will fashion the future role of the insurance sector in Pakistan.

Lombards history Essay Example

Lombards history Essay Example Lombards history Essay Lombards history Essay ONeill: (Very angry, in Tyrone accent) I think so. And this is my country. (Quietly, in his usual accent) I have married a very talented, a very spirited, a very beautiful young woman. This sudden change of accent is a method of gaining presence and making a point for ONeill, the use of his Irish accent shows he is in command and he is still in charge of his country. ONeills outburst of anger is also whilst defending and justifying his marriage to Mabel this really shows how loyal he is to her deep down and that he respects Mabels betrayal of her own country.ONeills description of Mabel (talented, spirited) is very accurate and is how Friel portrays her throughout the play. Mabel is a unique character as she manages to stay neutral to both opposing factions, as a character she represents peace and harmony because of this. Archbishop Lombard is described by the narrator, By profession he is a church diplomat and his manner is careful and exact. These careful choice of words tell the audience that Lombard is quite a sly character with a good sense of language and means to talk his way out or in to a situation well.He is not likely to be very religious but exploits his profession in order to gain himself an advantage. Lombard decides to write ONeills history, and, true to his character, refers to history as a story (p. 8), avoiding ONeills questions when asked if he will be telling the truth. Lombard: Im not sure that truth is a primary ingredient is that a shocking thing to say? (p. 8-9) It is clear from this conversation that both ONeill and Lombard have completely different stances on writing history.ONeill believes it should be an accurate document of events whereas Lombard believes it should be twisted in order to become an entertaining tale based on events. This presents ONeill with another pair of identities Hero vs. the real ONeill. How he will be portrayed through Lombards history will certainly not be the real, womanising, careless ONeill, but a brave leader and hero of Ireland.These ideas Friel has implemented challenges the audience to think about what they would themselves prefer as history the truth or a fairytale created to entertain in order to be passed down to others. Lombards rhetorical question ( is that a shocking thing to say? ) shows he knows that it is slightly devious, but its the truth never the less. The second act contrasts entirely with the first. Only eight months have passed in the play, but the Battle of Kinsale has been lost and ONeill is now living in poverty, He is using a wooden box as a table the narrator describes. ONeill: Have you any food? (p. 43) The mood is now desperate and sinister, ONeill is no longer the charismatic and talkative character he was eight months ago, but now an ageing man with growing regret, his rich and happy life no longer apart of him but now placed with a criminal identity.Wanted by both the Irish and English, both of ONeills identities have abandoned him. The end of Act 1 Scene 1 announces the death of both Mabel and her baby the cross-breed that Mabels sister Mary had warned her about. Friels use of herbs have also pre-empted the inevitable fate of Mabel and the baby. ONeill: (Almost in a whisper) Yes, I think Ill take some of that whiskey now, Hugh. Just a thimbleful, if you please. And no water. Oh, dear God (Quick black. ) (p. 54) The stage directions that show ONeill almost unable to speak after hearing the shocking news shows how unexpected it is for him.The quick black tells the audience it is the end of the scene and also adds further dramatic effect to the abrupt news the way this is delivered most probably leaves the audience is a state of shock also. Scene 2 is set in Rome, many years later (p. 54), ONeill and the others have been forced to flee, where they are no longer welcome in both Ireland or England. The narrator tells us he has a volatile and bitter temper, carries a walking stick and has begun to lose sight in his eyes. This image paints the picture of an elderly, dishevelled man burdened with the regret of many terrible mistakes.Throughout most of this final scene ONeill is scarcely sober, this indicates he must be very unhappy with his life and how it has ended up for him to drink so much. ONeill: (He bumps into a stool and knocks it over. As he straightens it) Forgive me. (p. 54) As ONeill drunkenly bumps into a stool and then apologises to it for knocking it over, you feel instantly embarrassed and sympathetic for ONeill. He is now a shadow of his former self, no longer his bubbly, talkative and distracted character.It appears to the audience that ONeill has lost sense of any identity he once had, which isnt hard to believe considering he has been banished from not one but both of his homes, and now resides in a foreign country that has been alien to him most of his life. ONeill: You said Mabel will have her place. That place is central to me. (p. 63) As the play draws to an end we see a scene shared by Lombard, Harry and ONeill, ONeill desperately trying to convince Lombard to tell the truth in his history, about his failure and corruption, and most interestingly to include Mabel.This shows how deeply he cared for her and enforces the idea of the bond they had over their dual identities. This must have comforted ONeill and made him feel at home, to lose that was really the turning point in his personality, almost as if when Mabel died she took his identity with her, as she was the last thing holding it together and making sense from it all. Act 2 Scene 2 reaches a close as ONeill finally accepts defeat and realises Lombard will write the history how he wants it, Lombard continuously asks What changes do you want me to make? But despite the details ONeill wants included, Lombard will still tell it in a way that is entertaining. Lombard begins to read the history as ONeill starts to cry and mourn for Mabel, (ONeill is now crying. Bring the lights down slowly. ) (p. 71). The slow fade of lights signifies the end of the play. Friel presented identity by portraying a man who had everything, and slowly stripped him of every last meaningful thing he had in order to convey the message of what makes us who we are.ONeill lost both of his countries, and his wife and baby, the loss of Mabel being pivotal she was the one person he could relate to and feel close to, and the baby symbolised a new beginning where the English and Irish could live in harmony together. Through Lombards history we will not learn about ONeills duality, his close friend Harry or wife Mabel that helped shape his character, but a Hero who fought a tough battle for Ireland, fled with the Flight of the Earls, and shall be king for the span of his life (p. 71), thus telling us that identity exists in many forms.

New SAT Conversion Chart Old 2400 to New 1600 (Official)

New SAT Conversion Chart Old 2400 to New 1600 (Official) SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In March 2016, the SAT underwent a massive redesign, part of which included a change to its scoring system: it shifted from a 2400-point scale to a 1600-point scale. But how do you compare a new SAT score with one on the old SAT 2400 scale? What scores are colleges looking for since some still don't have data on the new SAT? The official new SAT to old SAT conversion charts below offer the most accurate score conversions from one SAT to the other. If you need to convert your new SAT score to an old SAT score, or vice versa, simply use our handy conversion tool below to find your score. After you get your SAT conversion, keep reading- I tell you why it's easier to get a higher SAT score than before due to the new SAT scoring advantage (the new SAT score is higher in certain score regions!). Disappointed with your scores? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: Old 2400 SAT to New 1600 SAT Conversion Tool If you've taken both the new SAT and old SAT and want to know which test you've done better on, this tool will do that automatically for you. Enter your old SAT scores on the LEFT to get your new SAT scores on the RIGHT. Enter your old 2400 SAT here: Old Math (max 800) Old Reading (max 800) Old Writing (max 800) Get new 1600 SAT scores here: Old Total SAT (max 2400) New Math (max 800) New Reading + Writing (max 800) New Total SAT (max 1600) // 800) { $(this).val(800); } var m = parseInt($("#in_old_math").val()); var w = parseInt($("#in_old_writing").val()); var c = parseInt($("#in_old_critical").val()); var old_r = w + c var old_total = m + c + w; var new_m; var new_r; var new_total; if (isNaN(m)) { $("#out_new_math").val(''); } else { switch (m) { case 200:new_m = 200;break;case 210:new_m = 220;break;case 220:new_m = 230;break;case 230:new_m = 250;break;case 240:new_m = 260;break;case 250:new_m = 280;break;case 260:new_m = 300;break;case 270:new_m = 310;break;case 280:new_m = 330;break;case 290:new_m = 340;break;case 300:new_m = 350;break;case 310:new_m = 360;break;case 320:new_m = 360;break;case 330:new_m = 370;break;case 340:new_m = 380;break;case 350:new_m = 390;break;case 360:new_m = 400;break;case 370:new_m = 410;break;case 380:new_m = 420;break;case 390:new_m = 430;break;case 400:new_m = 440;break;case 410:new_m = 450;break;case 420:new_m = 460;break;case 430:new_m = 470;break;case 440:new_m = 480;break;case 450:new_m = 490;break;case 460:new_m = 500;break;case 470:new_m = 510;break;case 480:new_m = 510;break;case 490:new_m = 520;break;case 500:new_m = 530;break;case 510:new_m = 540;break;case 520:new_m = 550;break;case 530:new_m = 560;break;case 540:new_m = 570;break;case 550:new_m = 570;break;ca se 560:new_m = 580;break;case 570:new_m = 590;break;case 580:new_m = 600;break;case 590:new_m = 610;break;case 600:new_m = 620;break;case 610:new_m = 630;break;case 620:new_m = 640;break;case 630:new_m = 650;break;case 640:new_m = 660;break;case 650:new_m = 670;break;case 660:new_m = 690;break;case 670:new_m = 700;break;case 680:new_m = 710;break;case 690:new_m = 720;break;case 700:new_m = 730;break;case 710:new_m = 740;break;case 720:new_m = 750;break;case 730:new_m = 760;break;case 740:new_m = 760;break;case 750:new_m = 770;break;case 760:new_m = 780;break;case 770:new_m = 780;break;case 780:new_m = 790;break;case 790:new_m = 800;break;case 800:new_m = 800;break; } $("#out_new_math").val(new_m); } if (isNaN(old_r)) { $("#out_new_verbal").val(''); } else { switch (old_r) { case 400:new_r = 200;break;case 410:new_r = 210;break;case 420:new_r = 220;break;case 430:new_r = 230;break;case 440:new_r = 240;break;case 450:new_r = 260;break;case 460:new_r = 270;break;case 470:new_r = 280;break;case 480:new_r = 290;break;case 490:new_r = 300;break;case 500:new_r = 310;break;case 510:new_r = 310;break;case 520:new_r = 320;break;case 530:new_r = 320;break;case 540:new_r = 330;break;case 550:new_r = 330;break;case 560:new_r = 330;break;case 570:new_r = 340;break;case 580:new_r = 340;break;case 590:new_r = 350;break;case 600:new_r = 350;break;case 610:new_r = 360;break;case 620:new_r = 360;break;case 630:new_r = 360;break;case 640:new_r = 370;break;case 650:new_r = 370;break;case 660:new_r = 380;break;case 670:new_r = 380;break;case 680:new_r = 390;break;case 690:new_r = 390;break;case 700:new_r = 400;break;case 710:new_r = 400;break;case 720:new_r = 410;break;case 730:new_r = 410;break;case 740:new_r = 420;break;case 750:new_r = 420;break;ca se 760:new_r = 430;break;case 770:new_r = 430;break;case 780:new_r = 440;break;case 790:new_r = 440;break;case 800:new_r = 450;break;case 810:new_r = 450;break;case 820:new_r = 460;break;case 830:new_r = 460;break;case 840:new_r = 470;break;case 850:new_r = 480;break;case 860:new_r = 480;break;case 870:new_r = 490;break;case 880:new_r = 490;break;case 890:new_r = 500;break;case 900:new_r = 500;break;case 910:new_r = 510;break;case 920:new_r = 510;break;case 930:new_r = 520;break;case 940:new_r = 530;break;case 950:new_r = 530;break;case 960:new_r = 540;break;case 970:new_r = 540;break;case 980:new_r = 550;break;case 990:new_r = 550;break;case 1000:new_r = 560;break;case 1010:new_r = 560;break;case 1020:new_r = 570;break;case 1030:new_r = 570;break;case 1040:new_r = 580;break;case 1050:new_r = 580;break;case 1060:new_r = 590;break;case 1070:new_r = 590;break;case 1080:new_r = 600;break;case 1090:new_r = 600;break;case 1100:new_r = 610;break;case 1110:new_r = 610;break;case 1120:new_r = 620;break;case 1130:new_r = 620;break;case 1140:new_r = 630;break;case 1150:new_r = 630;break;case 1160:new_r = 640;break;case 1170:new_r = 640;break;case 1180:new_r = 650;break;case 1190:new_r = 650;break;case 1200:new_r = 650;break;case 1210:new_r = 660;break;case 1220:new_r = 660;break;case 1230:new_r = 670;break;case 1240:new_r = 670;break;case 1250:new_r = 680;break;case 1260:new_r = 680;break;case 1270:new_r = 680;break;case 1280:new_r = 690;break;case 1290:new_r = 690;break;case 1300:new_r = 700;break;case 1310:new_r = 700;break;case 1320:new_r = 700;break;case 1330:new_r = 710;break;case 1340:new_r = 710;break;case 1350:new_r = 710;break;case 1360:new_r = 720;break;case 1370:new_r = 720;break;case 1380:new_r = 730;break;case 1390:new_r = 730;break;case 1400:new_r = 730;break;case 1410:new_r = 740;break;case 1420:new_r = 740;break;case 1430:new_r = 740;break;case 1440:new_r = 750;break;case 1450:new_r = 750;break;case 1460:new_r = 750;break;case 1470:new_r = 760;break;case 1480:new_r = 760;break;case 1490:new_r = 760;break;case 1500:new_r = 770;break;case 1510:new_r = 770;break;case 1520:new_r = 770;break;case 1530:new_r = 780;break;case 1540:new_r = 780;break;case 1550:new_r = 780;break;case 1560:new_r = 790;break;case 1570:new_r = 790;break;case 1580:new_r = 800;break;case 1590:new_r = 800;break;case 1600:new_r = 800;break; } $("#out_new_verbal").val(new_r); } if (!isNaN(old_total)) { $("#out_old_total").val(old_total); switch (old_total) {case 600: new_total = 400; break; case 610: new_total = 410; break; case 620: new_total = 420; break; case 630: new_total = 430; break; case 640: new_total = 440; break; case 650: new_total = 450; break; case 660: new_total = 460; break; case 670: new_total = 470; break; case 680: new_total = 480; break; case 690: new_total = 490; break; case 700: new_total = 500; break; case 710: new_total = 510; break; case 720: new_total = 520; break; case 730: new_total = 530; break; case 740: new_total = 540; break; case 750: new_total = 550; break; case 760: new_total = 560; break; case 770: new_total = 580; break; case 780: new_total = 590; break; case 790: new_total = 600; break; case 800: new_total = 610; break; case 810: new_total = 620; break; case 820: new_total = 630; break; case 830: new_total = 640; break; case 840: new_total = 650; break; case 850: new_total = 660; break; case 860: new_total = 670; break; case 870: new_total = 680; break; case 880: new_total = 690; break; case 890: new_total = 690; break; case 900: new_total = 700; break; case 910: new_total = 710; break; case 920: new_total = 710; break; case 930: new_total = 720; break; case 940: new_total = 730; break; case 950: new_total = 730; break; case 960: new_total = 740; break; case 970: new_total = 740; break; case 980: new_total = 750; break; case 990: new_total = 760; break; case 1000: new_total = 760; break; case 1010: new_total = 770; break; case 1020: new_total = 780; break; case 1030: new_total = 780; break; case 1040: new_total = 790; break; case 1050: new_total = 800; break; case 1060: new_total = 800; break; case 1070: new_total = 810; break; case 1080: new_total = 810; break; case 1090: new_total = 820; break; case 1100: new_total = 830; break; case 1110: new_total = 830; break; case 1120: new_total = 840; break; case 1130: new_total = 850; break; case 1140: new_total = 850; break; case 1150: new_total = 860; break; case 1160: new_total = 870; break; case 1170: new_ total = 870; break; case 1180: new_total = 880; break; case 1190: new_total = 890; break; case 1200: new_total = 890; break; case 1210: new_total = 900; break; case 1220: new_total = 910; break; case 1230: new_total = 910; break; case 1240: new_total = 920; break; case 1250: new_total = 930; break; case 1260: new_total = 930; break; case 1270: new_total = 940; break; case 1280: new_total = 950; break; case 1290: new_total = 950; break; case 1300: new_total = 960; break; case 1310: new_total = 970; break; case 1320: new_total = 980; break; case 1330: new_total = 980; break; case 1340: new_total = 990; break; case 1350: new_total = 1000; break; case 1360: new_total = 1000; break; case 1370: new_total = 1010; break; case 1380: new_total = 1020; break; case 1390: new_total = 1020; break; case 1400: new_total = 1030; break; case 1410: new_total = 1030; break; case 1420: new_total = 1040; break; case 1430: new_total = 1050; break; case 1440: new_total = 1050; break; case 1450: new_total = 1060; break; case 1460: new_total = 1070; break; case 1470: new_total = 1070; break; case 1480: new_total = 1080; break; case 1490: new_total = 1090; break; case 1500: new_total = 1090; break; case 1510: new_total = 1100; break; case 1520: new_total = 1110; break; case 1530: new_total = 1110; break; case 1540: new_total = 1120; break; case 1550: new_total = 1120; break; case 1560: new_total = 1130; break; case 1570: new_total = 1140; break; case 1580: new_total = 1140; break; case 1590: new_total = 1150; break; case 1600: new_total = 1160; break; case 1610: new_total = 1160; break; case 1620: new_total = 1170; break; case 1630: new_total = 1180; break; case 1640: new_total = 1180; break; case 1650: new_total = 1190; break; case 1660: new_total = 1200; break; case 1670: new_total = 1200; break; case 1680: new_total = 1210; break; case 1690: new_total = 1210; break; case 1700: new_total = 1220; break; case 1710: new_total = 1230; break; case 1720: new_total = 1230; break; case 1730: new_total = 1240; break; case 1740: new_total = 1250; break; case 1750: new_total = 1250; break; case 1760: new_total = 1260; break; case 1770: new_total = 1270; break; case 1780: new_total = 1270; break; case 1790: new_total = 1280; break; case 1800: new_total = 1290; break; case 1810: new_total = 1290; break; case 1820: new_total = 1300; break; case 1830: new_total = 1300; break; case 1840: new_total = 1310; break; case 1850: new_total = 1320; break; case 1860: new_total = 1320; break; case 1870: new_total = 1330; break; case 1880: new_total = 1340; break; case 1890: new_total = 1340; break; case 1900: new_total = 1350; break; case 1910: new_total = 1350; break; case 1920: new_total = 1360; break; case 1930: new_total = 1370; break; case 1940: new_total = 1370; break; case 1950: new_total = 1380; break; case 1960: new_total = 1380; break; case 1970: new_total = 1390; break; case 1980: new_total = 1400; break; case 1990: new_total = 1400; break; case 2000: new_total = 1410; break; case 2010: new_total = 1410; break; case 2020: new_total = 1420; break; case 2030: new_total = 1430; break; case 2040: new_total = 1430; break; case 2050: new_total = 1440; break; case 2060: new_total = 1440; break; case 2070: new_total = 1450; break; case 2080: new_total = 1450; break; case 2090: new_total = 1460; break; case 2100: new_total = 1470; break; case 2110: new_total = 1470; break; case 2120: new_total = 1480; break; case 2130: new_total = 1480; break; case 2140: new_total = 1490; break; case 2150: new_total = 1490; break; case 2160: new_total = 1500; break; case 2170: new_total = 1500; break; case 2180: new_total = 1510; break; case 2190: new_total = 1510; break; case 2200: new_total = 1510; break; case 2210: new_total = 1520; break; case 2220: new_total = 1520; break; case 2230: new_total = 1530; break; case 2240: new_total = 1530; break; case 2250: new_total = 1540; break; case 2260: new_total = 1540; break; case 2270: new_total = 1550; break; case 2280: new_total = 15 50; break; case 2290: new_total = 1550; break; case 2300: new_total = 1560; break; case 2310: new_total = 1560; break; case 2320: new_total = 1570; break; case 2330: new_total = 1570; break; case 2340: new_total = 1580; break; case 2350: new_total = 1580; break; case 2360: new_total = 1590; break; case 2370: new_total = 1590; break; case 2380: new_total = 1590; break; case 2390: new_total = 1600; break; case 2400: new_total = 1600; break; } $("#out_new_total").val(new_total); var old_to_new_error_payload = "Why don't the section scores add up to the total score? Summing ".concat(new_m.toString()," and ",new_r.toString()," gives ",(new_m+new_r).toString(),", not ",new_total.toString(),"! The reason is that the College Board has one conversion table for individual sections (like Math to Math), and another for total to total conversion. They try to make each individual conversion as accurate as possible, which leads to some inconsistencies. You can read more here.Long story short? Don't worry about it. These are only meant to be estimates anyway. The two totals are ",Math.abs(new_total-new_r-new_m).toString()," points apart - just split the difference and use that value for what you need."); if (new_total != (new_r + new_m)) { document.getElementById("old_to_new_error").innerHTML = old_to_new_error_payload; } else { document.getElementById("old_to_new_error").innerHTML = ""; } } else { $("#out_old_total").val(''); $("#out_new_total").val(''); document.getElementById("old_to_new_error").innerHTML = ""; } }); }); // ]]> New 1600 SAT to Old 2400 SAT Conversion Tool Alternatively, if you want to input your new SAT scores and get old SAT scores, here's how to do it: Enter your new 1600 SAT here: New Math (max 800) New Reading + Writing (max 800) Get old 2400 SAT scores here: New Total SAT (max 1600) Old Math (max 800) Old Reading + Writing (max 1600) Old Total SAT (max 2400) // 800) { $(this).val(800); } var new_m = parseInt($("#in_new_math").val()); var new_v = parseInt($("#in_new_verbal").val()); new_total = new_m + new_v var old_m; var old_v; var old_total; if (isNaN(new_m)) { $("#out_old_math").val(''); } else { switch (new_m) { case 200: old_m = 200; break; case 210: old_m = 200; break; case 220: old_m = 210; break; case 230: old_m = 220; break; case 240: old_m = 220; break; case 250: old_m = 230; break; case 260: old_m = 240; break; case 270: old_m = 240; break; case 280: old_m = 250; break; case 290: old_m = 260; break; case 300: old_m = 260; break; case 310: old_m = 270; break; case 320: old_m = 280; break; case 330: old_m = 280; break; case 340: old_m = 290; break; case 350: old_m = 300; break; case 360: old_m = 310; break; case 370: old_m = 330; break; case 380: old_m = 340; break; case 390: old_m = 350; break; case 400: old_m = 360; break; case 410: old_m = 370; break; case 420: old_m = 380; break; case 430: old_m = 390; break; case 440: old_m = 400; break; case 450: old_m = 410; break; case 460: old_m = 420; break; case 470: old_m = 430; break; case 480: old_m = 440; break; case 490: old_m = 450; break; case 500: old_m = 460; break; case 510: old_m = 470; break; case 520: old_ m = 490; break; case 530: old_m = 500; break; case 540: old_m = 510; break; case 550: old_m = 520; break; case 560: old_m = 530; break; case 570: old_m = 550; break; case 580: old_m = 560; break; case 590: old_m = 570; break; case 600: old_m = 580; break; case 610: old_m = 590; break; case 620: old_m = 600; break; case 630: old_m = 610; break; case 640: old_m = 620; break; case 650: old_m = 630; break; case 660: old_m = 640; break; case 670: old_m = 650; break; case 680: old_m = 650; break; case 690: old_m = 660; break; case 700: old_m = 670; break; case 710: old_m = 680; break; case 720: old_m = 690; break; case 730: old_m = 700; break; case 740: old_m = 710; break; case 750: old_m = 720; break; case 760: old_m = 740; break; case 770: old_m = 750; break; case 780: old_m = 760; break; case 790: old_m = 780; break; case 800: old_m = 800; break; } $("#out_old_math").val(old_m); } if (isNaN(new_v)) { $("#out_old_critical").val(''); } else { switch (new_v) { case 200:old_v = 400;break;case 210:old_v = 410;break;case 220:old_v = 420;break;case 230:old_v = 430;break;case 240:old_v = 440;break;case 250:old_v = 440;break;case 260:old_v = 450;break;case 270:old_v = 460;break;case 280:old_v = 470;break;case 290:old_v = 480;break;case 300:old_v = 490;break;case 310:old_v = 500;break;case 320:old_v = 520;break;case 330:old_v = 550;break;case 340:old_v = 570;break;case 350:old_v = 600;break;case 360:old_v = 620;break;case 370:old_v = 640;break;case 380:old_v = 660;break;case 390:old_v = 690;break;case 400:old_v = 710;break;case 410:old_v = 730;break;case 420:old_v = 750;break;case 430:old_v = 770;break;case 440:old_v = 790;break;case 450:old_v = 800;break;case 460:old_v = 820;break;case 470:old_v = 840;break;case 480:old_v = 860;break;case 490:old_v = 880;break;case 500:old_v = 890;break;case 510:old_v = 910;break;case 520:old_v = 930;break;case 530:old_v = 950;break;case 540:old_v = 970;break;case 550:old_v = 990;break;ca se 560:old_v = 1010;break;case 570:old_v = 1020;break;case 580:old_v = 1040;break;case 590:old_v = 1060;break;case 600:old_v = 1080;break;case 610:old_v = 1100;break;case 620:old_v = 1120;break;case 630:old_v = 1150;break;case 640:old_v = 1170;break;case 650:old_v = 1190;break;case 660:old_v = 1210;break;case 670:old_v = 1240;break;case 680:old_v = 1260;break;case 690:old_v = 1290;break;case 700:old_v = 1310;break;case 710:old_v = 1340;break;case 720:old_v = 1370;break;case 730:old_v = 1390;break;case 740:old_v = 1420;break;case 750:old_v = 1450;break;case 760:old_v = 1480;break;case 770:old_v = 1510;break;case 780:old_v = 1540;break;case 790:old_v = 1560;break;case 800:old_v = 1590;break; } $("#out_old_critical").val(old_v); } if (!isNaN(new_total)) { $("#out_new_total2").val(new_total); switch(new_total) { case 400: old_total = 600; break;case 410: old_total = 610; break;case 420: old_total = 620; break;case 430: old_total = 630; break;case 440: old_total = 640; break;case 450: old_total = 650; break;case 460: old_total = 660; break;case 470: old_total = 670; break;case 480: old_total = 680; break;case 490: old_total = 690; break;case 500: old_total = 700; break;case 510: old_total = 710; break;case 520: old_total = 720; break;case 530: old_total = 730; break;case 540: old_total = 730; break;case 550: old_total = 740; break;case 560: old_total = 750; break;case 570: old_total = 760; break;case 580: old_total = 770; break;case 590: old_total = 780; break;case 600: old_total = 790; break;case 610: old_total = 800; break;case 620: old_total = 810; break;case 630: old_total = 820; break;case 640: old_total = 830; break;case 650: old_total = 840; break;case 660: old_total = 850; break;case 670: old_total = 860; break;case 680: old_total = 870; break;case 690: old_total = 880; break;ca se 700: old_total = 900; break;case 710: old_total = 910; break;case 720: old_total = 930; break;case 730: old_total = 950; break;case 740: old_total = 960; break;case 750: old_total = 980; break;case 760: old_total = 990; break;case 770: old_total = 1010; break;case 780: old_total = 1030; break;case 790: old_total = 1040; break;case 800: old_total = 1060; break;case 810: old_total = 1070; break;case 820: old_total = 1090; break;case 830: old_total = 1110; break;case 840: old_total = 1120; break;case 850: old_total = 1140; break;case 860: old_total = 1150; break;case 870: old_total = 1170; break;case 880: old_total = 1180; break;case 890: old_total = 1200; break;case 900: old_total = 1210; break;case 910: old_total = 1220; break;case 920: old_total = 1240; break;case 930: old_total = 1250; break;case 940: old_total = 1270; break;case 950: old_total = 1280; break;case 960: old_total = 1300; break;case 970: old_total = 1310; break;case 980: old_total = 1330; break;case 990: old_total = 1340; break;case 1000: old_total = 1360; break;case 1010: old_total = 1370; break;case 1020: old_total = 1390; break;case 1030: old_total = 1400; break;case 1040: old_total = 1420; break;case 1050: old_total = 1430; break;case 1060: old_total = 1450; break;case 1070: old_total = 1460; break;case 1080: old_total = 1480; break;case 1090: old_total = 1490; break;case 1100: old_total = 1510; break;case 1110: old_total = 1530; break;case 1120: old_total = 1540; break;case 1130: old_total = 1560; break;case 1140: old_total = 1570; break;case 1150: old_total = 1590; break;case 1160: old_total = 1610; break;case 1170: old_total = 1620; break;case 1180: old_total = 1640; break;case 1190: old_total = 1650; break;case 1200: old_total = 1670; break;case 1210: old_total = 1680; break;case 1220: old_total = 1700; break;case 1230: old_total = 1710; break;case 1240: old_total = 1730; break;case 1250: old_total = 1750; break;case 1260: old_total = 1760; break;case 1270: old_total = 1780; break;cas e 1280: old_total = 1790; break;case 1290: old_total = 1810; break;case 1300: old_total = 1820; break;case 1310: old_total = 1840; break;case 1320: old_total = 1850; break;case 1330: old_total = 1870; break;case 1340: old_total = 1880; break;case 1350: old_total = 1900; break;case 1360: old_total = 1920; break;case 1370: old_total = 1930; break;case 1380: old_total = 1950; break;case 1390: old_total = 1970; break;case 1400: old_total = 1990; break;case 1410: old_total = 2000; break;case 1420: old_total = 2020; break;case 1430: old_total = 2040; break;case 1440: old_total = 2060; break;case 1450: old_total = 2080; break;case 1460: old_total = 2090; break;case 1470: old_total = 2110; break;case 1480: old_total = 2130; break;case 1490: old_total = 2150; break;case 1500: old_total = 2170; break;case 1510: old_total = 2190; break;case 1520: old_total = 2210; break;case 1530: old_total = 2230; break;case 1540: old_total = 2260; break;case 1550: old_total = 2280; break;case 1560: old_total = 2300; break;case 1570: old_total = 2330; break;case 1580: old_total = 2350; break;case 1590: old_total = 2370; break;case 1600: old_total = 2390; break; } $("#out_old_total2").val(old_total); var new_to_old_error_payload = "Why don't the old section scores add up to the old total score? Summing ".concat(old_m.toString()," and ",old_v.toString()," gives ",(old_m+old_v).toString(),", not ",old_total.toString(),"! The reason is that the College Board has one conversion table for individual sections (like Math to Math), and another for total to total conversion. They try to make each individual conversion as accurate as possible, which leads to some inconsistencies. You can read more here.Long story short? Don't worry about it. These are only meant to be estimates anyway. The two totals are ",Math.abs(old_total-old_m-old_v).toString()," points apart - just split the difference and use that value for what you need."); if (old_total != (old_v + old_m)) { document.getElementById("new_to_old_error").innerHTML = new_to_old_error_payload; } else { document.getElementById("new_to_old_error").innerHTML = ""; } } else { $("#out_old_total2").val(''); $("#out_new_total2").val(''); document.getElementById("new_to_old_error").innerHTML = ""; } }); }); // ]]> Official Old SAT to New SAT Conversion Charts We created our conversion tools above using the College Board's official SAT conversion charts. Now, we give you actual conversion tables so that you can see more clearly how new SAT scores match up with old SAT scores (and vice versa). Before you use these tables, know that the most accurate conversion method is to split up the score conversion section by section. In other words, don't just use the College Board's total composite conversion chart (from 2400 to 1600); these can be inaccurate as they ignore the fact that individual sections convert scores differently. For example, if you're converting from an old SAT score to a new SAT score, you'd do the following: Get your old SAT Math score (out of 800) and convert it to a new SAT Math score (out of 800). Get your old Reading + Writing score (out of 1600) and convert it to a new SAT Reading + Writing score (out of 800). Old SAT Math to New SAT Math Conversion Table Math is straightforward because both the new SAT and old SAT Math sections are out of 800. Old SAT Math New SAT Math Old SAT Math New SAT Math Old SAT Math New SAT Math 800 800 600 620 400 440 790 800 590 610 390 430 780 790 580 600 380 420 770 780 570 590 370 410 760 780 560 580 360 400 750 770 550 570 350 390 740 760 540 570 340 380 730 760 530 560 330 370 720 750 520 550 320 360 710 740 510 540 310 360 700 730 500 530 300 350 690 720 490 520 290 340 680 710 480 510 280 330 670 700 470 510 270 310 660 690 460 500 260 300 650 670 450 490 250 280 640 660 440 480 240 260 630 650 430 470 230 250 620 640 420 460 220 230 610 630 410 450 210 220 200 200 Old SAT Reading + Writing to New SAT Reading + Writing Conversion Table On the old SAT, Reading and Writing were separate sections, each out of 800. On the new SAT, however, these two sections are combined for a total Evidence-Based Reading and Writing (EBRW) score out of 800. In this table, we added the old SAT Reading and Writing sections together to get a single Reading and Writing score out of 1600. Old R+W New R+W Old R+W New R+W Old R+W New R+W 1600 800 1200 650 800 450 1590 800 1190 650 790 440 1580 800 1180 650 780 440 1570 790 1170 640 770 430 1560 790 1160 640 760 430 1550 780 1150 630 750 420 1540 780 1140 630 740 420 1530 780 1130 620 730 410 1520 770 1120 620 720 410 1510 770 1110 610 710 400 1500 770 1100 610 700 400 1490 760 1090 600 690 390 1480 760 1080 600 680 390 1470 760 1070 590 670 380 1460 750 1060 590 660 380 1450 750 1050 580 650 370 1440 750 1040 580 640 370 1430 740 1030 570 630 360 1420 740 1020 570 620 360 1410 740 1010 560 610 360 1400 730 1000 560 600 350 1390 730 990 550 590 350 1380 730 980 550 580 340 1370 720 970 540 570 340 1360 720 960 540 560 330 1350 710 950 530 550 330 1340 710 940 530 540 330 1330 710 930 520 530 320 1320 700 920 510 520 320 1310 700 910 510 510 310 1300 700 900 500 500 310 1290 690 890 500 490 300 1280 690 880 490 480 290 1270 680 870 490 470 280 1260 680 860 480 460 270 1250 680 850 480 450 260 1240 670 840 470 440 240 1230 670 830 460 430 230 1220 660 820 460 420 220 1210 660 810 450 410 210 400 200 Using the two section tables above, you can convert any scores from the new SAT to the old SAT, and vice versa. You can then add up the scores you find to get your composite score. Want to get serious about improving your SAT score? We have the leading online SAT prep program that will raise your score by 160+ points, guaranteed. Exclusive to our program, we have an expert SAT instructor grade each of your SAT essays and give you customized feedback on how to improve your score. This can mean an instant jump of 80 points on the Writing section alone. Check out our 5-day free trial and sign up for free: Composite New SAT to Old SAT Conversion Chart This SAT conversion table is the one I recommend not using since it goes from composite score to composite score. This manner of translating scores is less accurate than splitting up your composite score section by section as recommended above. For example, here are two scenarios of a student with an 1800 score on the old SAT. If you just use the table below, you'd get 1290 as your new total SAT score. But this is just an approximation- if you use your section scores, you end up with entirely different conversions! Scenario 1 Old SAT Math: 800 Reading: 600 Writing: 400 Composite: 1800/2400 New SAT New Math: 800 New Reading + Writing: 560 New Composite: 1360/1600 Scenario 2 Old SAT Math: 600 Reading: 600 Writing: 600 Composite: 1800/2400 New SAT New Math: 620 New Reading + Writing: 650 New Composite: 1270/1600 Notice how in both scenarios, the old composite score adds up to 1800, but the new composite score varies by nearly 100 points. Once again, if you were to use the table below, you'd get 1290 for both, but this conversion is clearly less accurate since the two scenarios above yield wildly different scores when converting by section. Regardless, here's the official SAT composite score conversion chart for your reference: New SAT Old SAT New SAT Old SAT New SAT Old SAT 1600 2390 1200 1670 800 1060 1590 2370 1190 1650 790 1040 1580 2350 1180 1640 780 1030 1570 2330 1170 1620 770 1010 1560 2300 1160 1610 760 990 1550 2280 1150 1590 750 980 1540 2260 1140 1570 740 960 1530 2230 1130 1560 730 950 1520 2210 1120 1540 720 930 1510 2190 1110 1530 710 910 1500 2170 1100 1510 700 900 1490 2150 1090 1490 690 880 1480 2130 1080 1480 680 870 1470 2110 1070 1460 670 860 1460 2090 1060 1450 660 850 1450 2080 1050 1430 650 840 1440 2060 1040 1420 640 830 1430 2040 1030 1400 630 820 1420 2020 1020 1390 620 810 1410 2000 1010 1370 610 800 1400 1990 1000 1360 600 790 1390 1970 990 1340 590 780 1380 1950 980 1330 580 770 1370 1930 970 1310 570 760 1360 1920 960 1300 560 750 1350 1900 950 1280 550 740 1340 1880 940 1270 540 730 1330 1870 930 1250 530 730 1320 1850 920 1240 520 720 1310 1840 910 1220 510 710 1300 1820 900 1210 500 700 1290 1810 890 1200 490 690 1280 1790 880 1180 480 680 1270 1780 870 1170 470 670 1260 1760 860 1150 460 660 1250 1750 850 1140 450 650 1240 1730 840 1120 440 640 1230 1710 830 1110 430 630 1220 1700 820 1090 420 620 1210 1680 810 1070 410 610 400 600 What Does the Conversion Chart Say About the New SAT? The official conversion tables show that the new SAT has higher scores than expected across the entire score range. For a full explanation, read our guide on the new SAT scoring advantage. That said, I'll summarize the main points below. Without the College Board's concordance table, you might imagine that you could just multiply the old SAT score by 2/3 to get your new SAT score. For example, 2400 * 2/3 = 1600. Or, 1800 * 2/3 = 1200. In fact, new SAT scores are much higher than this simple formula would predict. An 1800 on the old SAT actually translates to 1280- that's 80 points higher than 1200. Likewise, a 1500 on the old SAT translates to 1100, or 100 points higher than 1000. This also reflects section by section. A 700 on the old SAT Math section is equivalent to a 730 on the new SAT Math section, while a 500 on the old SAT is equivalent to a 530 on the new SAT. What this means is that for the same performance on Math, you get a higher score on the new SAT than you would have on the old SAT. So what does this mean for you? Some people worry that this means grade inflation is happening, and that scores are creeping up. But I'm not personally worried about it, and you don't need to be either. The College Board will always grade the SAT in such a way that top students can be distinguished from average students, and average students from below-average students. What really matters is your score percentile, and the score that colleges believe is good. If everyone's SAT score goes up, then colleges will require higher scores for admission as well. This doesn't mean anything about how hard it is to get that score- the difficulty is likely going to stay similar. For now, just focus on studying for the SAT and getting the highest score possible! What’s Next? Curious about how the new SAT scoring system benefits you? Read our comprehensive guide to the new SAT scoring advantage to learn how the current version of the SAT gives you optically higher scores over a range of scores. Want to get a perfect SAT score? Then check out our guide on getting a 1600 SAT score, written by a perfect SAT scorer. What's a good SAT score for you? The answer to this question depends on your goals. Learn how to calculate a great SAT target score in our in-depth guide. Disappointed with your scores? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Ethical descion making-Healthcare ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethical descion making-Healthcare ethics - Essay Example This paper aims to show two ethical issues/dilemmas in the health care area discussing and identifying the conflicting interests and the applicable ethical theories and principles. The Ascension Health organization website will be used to gather information and ideas for this paper. Ascension Health is the nation's largest Catholic and largest nonprofit health system, serving patients through a network of hospitals and related health facilities providing acute care services, long-term care, community health services, psychiatric, rehabilitation and residential care. The first case presented in this paper is about a rape victim who was brought to Freeman Hospital's emergency room. The hospital authorities refused to disclose facts about the morning-after pill which the rape victim requested for information. The hospital authorities' reason is that they are a Catholic Hospital and they are against abortion. The competing interest now is that the victim/patient has the right to make her own decisions regarding the treatment, and therefore, adequate disclosure of information must be provided so the patient can make an informed decision. However, the Freeman Hospital being a catholic institution refused to disclose information to the patient regarding the pill, claiming that they are against abortion or prevention and termination of pregnancy. The ethical principles and concepts involved in this issue a